Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Which
of the following groups contain three elements with stable electron configurations? a. | lithium,
krypton, argon | c. | xenon, neon,
boron | b. | argon, neon, barium | d. | helium, xenon, neon | | | | |
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2.
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Typically, atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a. | an exchange of
energy. | b. | ionization. | c. | a stable
electron configuration. | d. | vaporization. | | |
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3.
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In an
electron dot diagram, the symbol for an element is used to represent a. | the
nucleus. | b. | the nucleus and all electrons. | c. | the nucleus and
valence electrons. | d. | the nucleus and all non-valence
electrons. | | |
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Figure
6-1
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4.
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Study
the electron dot diagrams for lithium, carbon, fluorine, and neon in Figure 6-1. Choose the statement
that correctly identifies the most stable of the elements. a. | Lithium is the
most stable element because it has to lose only one electron to achieve a stable
configuration. | b. | Carbon is the most stable element because it can form four
bonds. | c. | Fluorine is the most stable element because it has to gain only
one electron to achieve a stable configuration. | d. | Neon is the most
stable element because its highest occupied energy level is filled. | | |
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5.
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Ionization energies tend to a. | decrease from left to right across a
period. | b. | increase from the top of a group to the
bottom. | c. | increase from left to right across a
period. | d. | decrease from the bottom of a group to the
top. | | |
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6.
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The
formation of an ionic bond involves the a. | transfer of electrons. | c. | transfer of protons. | b. | transfer of
neutrons. | d. | sharing of
electrons. | | | | |
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7.
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Which
of the following statements correctly describes the substance with the formula KI? a. | Molecules of
potassium iodide contain one atom of potassium and one atom of iodine. | b. | There is a
one-to-one ratio of potassium ions to iodide ions. | c. | Potassium iodide
is a molecular compound. | d. | Potassium iodide is a polyatomic ion. | | |
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8.
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In
the compound MgCl2, the subscript 2 indicates that a. | there are two
magnesium ions for each ion of chlorine | b. | the chloride ion is twice the size of the magnesium
ion. | c. | magnesium and
chlorine form a double covalent bond. | d. | there are two chloride ions for each magnesium
ion. | | |
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9.
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Which
statement best describes the properties of sodium chloride? a. | Sodium chloride
is a malleable solid. | b. | Solid sodium chloride is a good conductor of electric
current. | c. | Sodium chloride has a low melting
point. | d. | Liquid sodium chloride is a good conductor of electric
current. | | |
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10.
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Which
of the following is a typical property of an ionic compound? a. | low melting
point | b. | poor conductor of electric current when
melted | c. | tendency to shatter when struck | d. | all of the
above | | |
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11.
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Which
of the following compounds does NOT contain molecules?
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12.
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When
two atoms of the same nonmetal react, they often form a(an) a. | ionic
bond. | c. | diatomic
molecule. | b. | polyatomic ion. | d. | polar molecule. | | | | |
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13.
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You
see a structural formula in which the symbols for elements are connected by a long dash. You can
assume that the chemical bonds in the compound are a. | ionic. | c. | metallic. | b. | covalent. | d. | unstable. | | | | |
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14.
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Which
of the following formulas represents a compound whose molecules contain a triple
bond?
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15.
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In a
polar covalent bond, a. | electrons are shared equally between
atoms. | b. | a cation is bonded to an anion. | c. | electrons are
transferred between atoms. | d. | electrons are not shared equally between
atoms. | | |
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16.
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The
water molecule H2O is polar because it contains two polar single bonds
and a. | its molecule has
a linear shape. | b. | molecules that contain polar bonds are always
polar. | c. | its molecule has a bent shape. | d. | the attractions
between water molecules are strong. | | |
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17.
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Water
has a higher boiling point than expected because a. | there is so much water vapor in the
atmosphere. | b. | water molecules are not very massive. | c. | hydrogen and
oxygen form single covalent bonds. | d. | of the strong attractions between polar water
molecules. | | |
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18.
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Because water molecules are polar and carbon dioxide molecules are
nonpolar, a. | water has a
lower boiling point than carbon dioxide does. | b. | attractions
between water molecules are weaker than attractions between carbon dioxide
molecules. | c. | carbon dioxide cannot exist as a
solid. | d. | water has a higher boiling point than carbon dioxide
does. | | |
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19.
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The
elements most likely to form more than one type of ion are the a. | transition
metals. | c. | halogens. | b. | alkali metals. | d. | alkaline earth metals. | | | | |
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20.
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Fluorine, F, forms a binary ionic compound with lithium, Li. What is the name of this
compound? a. | fluorine
lithide | c. | lithium
fluorine | b. | lithium fluoride | d. | fluorine lithium | | | | |
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21.
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The
name iron(II) indicates that a compound contains a. | iron ions with
an 11+ charge. | c. | iron ions with a
negative charge. | b. | iron ions with a 2+ charge. | d. | two types of iron ions. | | | | |
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22.
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Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and aluminum all form ions with positive charges
equal to the a. | atomic
number. | c. | period. | b. | group number. | d. | atomic mass. | | | | |
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23.
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Beryllium, Be, and chlorine, Cl, form a binary ionic compound with a one-to-two ratio
of beryllium ions to chloride ions. The formula for the compound is a. | Be2Cl. | c. | BeCl2. | b. | 2BeCl. | d. | Be2Cl2. | | | | |
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24.
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In
the name carbon dioxide, the prefix of the second word indicates that a molecule of carbon
dioxide contains a. | two carbon
atoms. | c. | a polyatomic
ion. | b. | two oxygen
atoms. | d. | an ionic
bond. | | | | |
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25.
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Which
phrase best describes a metallic bond? a. | a bond that is formed by a metal | b. | the attraction
between a metal anion and a shared pool of electrons | c. | a bond that
forms between a metal and a nonmetal | d. | the attraction between a metal cation and a shared pool of
electrons | | |
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26.
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Metallic bonding is similar to ionic bonding because a. | electrons are
transferred between atoms. | b. | electrons are shared between atoms. | c. | the lattice that
forms contains anions and cations. | d. | there is an attraction between positively charged and
negatively charged particles. | | |
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27.
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Many
metals can be drawn into thin wires without breaking because a. | cations are
still surrounded by electrons when they shift their positions in the
lattice. | b. | metals generally have low melting
points. | c. | when a metal is struck with a hammer, the positions of the
anions do not change. | d. | electrons have fixed positions in a metallic
lattice. | | |
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28.
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Which
statement about metals is true? a. | A metal lattice is extremely rigid. | b. | The bonds within
a metal lattice are weak. | c. | Electrons in a metal lattice are free to
move. | d. | Generally, metals have a low melting
point. | | |
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29.
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An
alloy that contains mainly iron and carbon is a. | sterling silver. | c. | brass. | b. | bronze. | d. | stainless
steel. | | | | |
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30.
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How
does increasing the amount of carbon in steel affect its properties? a. | Carbon makes the
lattice harder and stronger. | b. | Carbon forms an oxide that protects the steel from
rusting. | c. | Carbon makes the steel light enough to use for airplane
parts. | d. | Carbon makes the steel softer and easier to
cut. | | |
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