Physical Science Test 4B
 
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Physical Science Test 4B

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 

If 2 grams of element X combine with 4 grams of element Y to form compound XY, how many grams of element Y would combine with 14 grams of X to form the same compound?
a.
7 grams
c.
21 grams
b.
14 grams
d.
28 grams
 

 2. 

If 4 grams of element X combine with 16 grams of element Y to form compound XY, how many grams of element Y would combine with 18 grams of X to form the same compound?
a.
27 grams
c.
72 grams
b.
18 grams
d.
5 grams
 

 3. 

If 2 grams of element X combine with 4 grams of element Y to form compound XY, how many grams of element Y would combine with 20 grams of X to form the same compound?
a.
10 grams
c.
20 grams
b.
30 grams
d.
40 grams
 

 4. 

If 5 grams of element X combine with 20 grams of element Y to form compound XY, how many grams of element Y would combine with 12 grams of X to form the same compound?
a.
3 grams
c.
18 grams
b.
48 grams
d.
12 grams
 

 5. 

Suppose an atom has a mass number of 23. Which statement is true beyond any doubt?
a.
The atom has an odd number of neutrons.
b.
The atomic number is less than 11.
c.
The atom is not an isotope.
d.
The number of protons in the nucleus does not equal the number of neutrons.
 

 6. 

Suppose an atom has a mass number of 39. Which statement is true beyond any doubt?
a.
The atom has an odd number of neutrons.
b.
The atomic number is less than 19.
c.
The number of protons in the nucleus does not equal the number of neutrons.
d.
The atom is not an isotope.
 

 7. 

Suppose an atom has a mass number of 25. Which statement is true beyond any doubt?
a.
The atom has an odd number of neutrons.
b.
The atomic number is less than 12.
c.
The number of protons in the nucleus does not equal the number of neutrons.
d.
The atom is not an isotope.
 

 8. 

Which statement is true about oxygen-17 and oxygen-18?
a.
They do not have the same number of protons.
b.
Their atoms have an identical mass.
c.
They are isotopes of oxygen.
d.
The have the same mass number.
 

 9. 

Which statement is true about hydrogen-2 and hydrogen-3?
a.
They are isotopes of hydrogen.
b.
The have the same mass number.
c.
They do not have the same number of protons.
d.
Their atoms have an identical mass.
 

 10. 

Which statement is true about uranium-235 and uranium-238?
a.
Their atoms have an identical mass.
b.
They do not have the same number of protons.
c.
They are isotopes of uranium.
d.
The have the same mass number.
 

Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
 

 11. 

According to ____________________, all matter was made up of four elements — earth, air, fire, and water.
 

 

 12. 

Unlike Democritus, Aristotle did not believe that matter was composed of tiny, indivisible ____________________.
 

 

 13. 

John Dalton concluded that all the atoms of a single ____________________ have the same mass.
 

 

 14. 

John Dalton observed that elements always combine in the same ratio to form a particular ____________________.
 

 

 15. 

The subatomic particle that J. J. Thomson discovered has a(an) ____________________ charge.
 

 
 
pstest4b_files/i0180000.jpg

Figure 4-1
 

 16. 

In Rutherford’s gold foil experiment, shown in Figure 4-1, alpha particles that bounce straight back from the foil have struck ____________________ in the gold atoms.
 

 

 17. 

In Rutherford’s gold foil experiment, some of the _________________________ aimed at gold atoms bounced back, suggesting that a solid mass was at the center of the atom.
 

 

 18. 

The results of Rutherford’s gold foil experiment demonstrated that the ____________________ occupies a very small amount of the total space inside an atom.
 

 

 19. 

Protons and ____________________ are found in the nucleus of an atom.
 

 

 20. 

Neutrons and ____________________ have almost the same mass.
 

 

 21. 

If element Q has 11 protons, its atomic ____________________ is 11.
 

 

 22. 

The nuclei of isotopes contain different numbers of ____________________.
 

 

 23. 

The ____________________ of an isotope is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus.
 

 

 24. 

The difference between a sample of heavy water and regular water is that a hydrogen atom in heavy water has an extra ____________________.
 

 

 25. 

In Bohr’s model of the atom, ____________________ move in fixed orbits around the nucleus.
 

 

 26. 

When an atom gains or loses energy, some of its ____________________ may move between energy levels.
 

 

 27. 

The moving blades of an airplane propeller provide an analogy for the electron ____________________ model.
 

 

 28. 

The region in which an electron is most likely to be found is called a(an) ____________________.
 

 

 29. 

When all the electrons in an atom are in orbitals with the lowest possible energy, the atom is in its ____________________ state.
 

 

 30. 

An atom in which an electron has moved to a higher energy level is in a(an) ____________________ state.
 

 



 
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