Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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If 2
grams of element X combine with 4 grams of element Y to form compound XY, how many grams of element Y
would combine with 14 grams of X to form the same compound? a. | 7
grams | c. | 21
grams | b. | 14 grams | d. | 28 grams | | | | |
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2.
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If 4
grams of element X combine with 16 grams of element Y to form compound XY, how many grams of element
Y would combine with 18 grams of X to form the same compound? a. | 27
grams | c. | 72
grams | b. | 18 grams | d. | 5 grams | | | | |
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3.
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If 2
grams of element X combine with 4 grams of element Y to form compound XY, how many grams of element Y
would combine with 20 grams of X to form the same compound? a. | 10
grams | c. | 20
grams | b. | 30 grams | d. | 40 grams | | | | |
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4.
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If 5
grams of element X combine with 20 grams of element Y to form compound XY, how many grams of element
Y would combine with 12 grams of X to form the same compound? a. | 3
grams | c. | 18
grams | b. | 48 grams | d. | 12 grams | | | | |
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5.
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Suppose an atom has a mass number of 23. Which statement is true beyond any
doubt? a. | The atom has an
odd number of neutrons. | b. | The atomic number is less than 11. | c. | The atom is not
an isotope. | d. | The number of protons in the nucleus does not equal the number
of neutrons. | | |
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6.
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Suppose an atom has a mass number of 39. Which statement is true beyond any
doubt? a. | The atom has an
odd number of neutrons. | b. | The atomic number is less than 19. | c. | The number of
protons in the nucleus does not equal the number of neutrons. | d. | The atom is not
an isotope. | | |
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7.
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Suppose an atom has a mass number of 25. Which statement is true beyond any
doubt? a. | The atom has an
odd number of neutrons. | b. | The atomic number is less than 12. | c. | The number of
protons in the nucleus does not equal the number of neutrons. | d. | The atom is not
an isotope. | | |
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8.
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Which
statement is true about oxygen-17 and oxygen-18? a. | They do not have the same number of
protons. | b. | Their atoms have an identical mass. | c. | They are
isotopes of oxygen. | d. | The have the same mass number. | | |
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9.
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Which
statement is true about hydrogen-2 and hydrogen-3? a. | They are
isotopes of hydrogen. | b. | The have the same mass number. | c. | They do not have
the same number of protons. | d. | Their atoms have an identical mass. | | |
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10.
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Which
statement is true about uranium-235 and uranium-238? a. | Their atoms have
an identical mass. | b. | They do not have the same number of
protons. | c. | They are isotopes of uranium. | d. | The have the
same mass number. | | |
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Completion
Complete each sentence or
statement.
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11.
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According to ____________________, all matter was made up of four elements
earth, air, fire, and water.
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12.
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Unlike Democritus, Aristotle did not believe that matter was composed of tiny,
indivisible ____________________.
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13.
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John
Dalton concluded that all the atoms of a single ____________________ have the same
mass.
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14.
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John
Dalton observed that elements always combine in the same ratio to form a particular
____________________.
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15.
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The
subatomic particle that J. J. Thomson discovered has a(an) ____________________ charge.
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Figure
4-1
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16.
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In
Rutherfords gold foil experiment, shown in Figure 4-1, alpha particles that bounce straight
back from the foil have struck ____________________ in the gold atoms.
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17.
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In
Rutherfords gold foil experiment, some of the _________________________ aimed at gold atoms
bounced back, suggesting that a solid mass was at the center of the atom.
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18.
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The
results of Rutherfords gold foil experiment demonstrated that the ____________________ occupies
a very small amount of the total space inside an atom.
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19.
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Protons and ____________________ are found in the nucleus of an atom.
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20.
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Neutrons and ____________________ have almost the same mass.
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21.
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If
element Q has 11 protons, its atomic ____________________ is 11.
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22.
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The
nuclei of isotopes contain different numbers of ____________________.
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23.
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The
____________________ of an isotope is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in its
nucleus.
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24.
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The
difference between a sample of heavy water and regular water is that a hydrogen atom in heavy water
has an extra ____________________.
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25.
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In
Bohrs model of the atom, ____________________ move in fixed orbits around the
nucleus.
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26.
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When
an atom gains or loses energy, some of its ____________________ may move between energy
levels.
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27.
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The
moving blades of an airplane propeller provide an analogy for the electron ____________________
model.
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28.
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The
region in which an electron is most likely to be found is called a(an)
____________________.
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29.
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When
all the electrons in an atom are in orbitals with the lowest possible energy, the atom is in its
____________________ state.
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30.
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An
atom in which an electron has moved to a higher energy level is in a(an) ____________________
state.
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