Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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A gas
has a. | a definite
volume but no definite shape. | b. | a definite shape but no definite
volume. | c. | no definite shape or definite volume. | d. | a definite
volume and definite shape. | | |
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2.
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Ninety-nine percent of all the matter that can be observed in the universe exists
as a. | gases. | c. | liquids. | b. | plasmas. | d. | solids. | | | | |
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3.
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Matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape is a a. | liquid. | c. | gas. | b. | solid. | d. | plasma. | | | | |
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4.
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If
you move a substance from one container to another and its volume changes, the substance is
a a. | solid. | c. | gas. | b. | liquid. | d. | solution. | | | | |
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Figure
3-1
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5.
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In
which of the substances in Figure 3-1 are the forces of attraction among the particles so weak that
they can be ignored under ordinary conditions? a. | Substance A | c. | Substance C | b. | Substance
B | d. | all of the
above | | | | |
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6.
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Forces of attraction limit the motion of particles most in a. | a
solid. | c. | a
gas. | b. | a
liquid. | d. | both b and
c | | | | |
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7.
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What
is the result of a force distributed over an area? a. | temperature | c. | pressure | b. | volume | d. | mass | | | | |
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8.
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Collisions of helium atoms with the walls of a closed container cause a. | condensation. | c. | a decrease in
volume. | b. | gas pressure. | d. | an overall loss of energy. | | | | |
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9.
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Which
of the following factors affects the pressure of an enclosed gas? a. | temperature | c. | number of
particles | b. | volume | d. | all of the above | | | | |
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10.
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Raising the temperature of a gas will increase its pressure if the volume of the
gas a. | and the number
of particles are increased. | b. | is increased, but the number of particles is
constant. | c. | and the number of particles are
constant. | d. | is constant, but the number of particles is
reduced. | | |
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11.
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The
temperature and volume in a closed container of gas remain constant. If the number of particles of
gas is increased, the gas pressure will a. | increase. | b. | decrease. | c. | remain constant. | d. | cause a decrease
in the average kinetic energy of the particles. | | |
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12.
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Which
of the following will cause a decrease in gas pressure in a closed container? a. | lowering the
temperature | c. | adding more
gas | b. | reducing the
volume | d. | both a and
b | | | | |
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13.
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The
law that states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature in kelvins if
the pressure and the number of particles is constant is a. | Boyles
law. | c. | Einsteins
law. | b. | Boses
law. | d. | Charless
law. | | | | |
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14.
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Boyles law states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its
pressure if the a. | temperature and
number of particles are constant. | b. | temperature reaches absolute zero. | c. | number of
particles decreases. | d. | temperature and number of particles are
doubled. | | |
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15.
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If
the volume of a cylinder is reduced from 8.0 liters to 4.0 liters, the pressure of the gas in the
cylinder will change from 70 kilopascals to a. | 35 kilopascals. | c. | 140 kilopascals. | b. | 105
kilopascals. | d. | 560
kilopascals. | | | | |
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16.
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At a
temperature of 280 K, the gas in a cylinder has a volume of 20.0 liters. If the volume of the gas is
decreased to 10.0 liters, what must the temperature be for the gas pressure to remain
constant? a. | 140
K | c. | 560
K | b. | 273
K | d. | 5600
K | | | | |
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17.
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What
type of change occurs when water changes from a solid to a liquid? a. | a phase
change | c. | an irreversible
change | b. | a physical change | d. | both a and b | | | | |
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18.
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The
phase change that is the reverse of condensation is a. | freezing. | c. | vaporization. | b. | sublimation. | d. | melting. | | | | |
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19.
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During a phase change, the temperature of a substance a. | increases. | c. | does not
change. | b. | decreases. | d. | increases or decreases. | | | | |
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20.
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The
phase change that is the reverse of sublimation is a. | condensation. | c. | vaporization. | b. | melting. | d. | deposition | | | | |
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21.
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If a
solid piece of naphthalene is heated and remains at 80°C until it is completely melted, you know
that 80ºC is the a. | freezing point of naphthalene. | c. | boiling point of naphthalene. | b. | melting point of
naphthalene. | d. | both a and
b | | | | |
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22.
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The
heat of fusion for water is the amount of energy needed for water to a. | freeze. | c. | melt. | b. | boil. | d. | evaporate. | | | | |
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23.
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During which phase change does the arrangement of water molecules become more
orderly? a. | melting | c. | boiling | b. | freezing | d. | condensing | | | | |
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24.
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Which
of the following statements about ice melting is true? a. | Energy flows
from the ice to its surroundings. | b. | Water molecules move from their fixed
position. | c. | Water molecules lose energy. | d. | The temperature
of the ice increases as it melts. | | |
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25.
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The
phase change in which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas is a. | deposition. | c. | condensation. | b. | sublimation. | d. | vaporization. | | | | |
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26.
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The
phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid is a. | freezing. | c. | sublimation. | b. | melting. | d. | condensation. | | | | |
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27.
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The
phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a gas or vapor without changing to a liquid
first is a. | sublimation. | c. | vaporization. | b. | deposition. | d. | melting. | | | | |
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28.
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The
phase change in which a substance changes from a gas directly to a solid is a. | condensation. | c. | deposition. | b. | vaporization. | d. | sublimation. | | | | |
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29.
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Which
of the following phase changes is an endothermic change? a. | condensation | c. | deposition | b. | vaporization | d. | freezing | | | | |
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30.
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Which
of the following phase changes is an exothermic change? a. | sublimation | c. | vaporization | b. | deposition | d. | melting | | | | |
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