Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
|
|
|
1.
|
Astronomers estimate that the universe contains
a. | 100 galaxies. | c. | 100 billion galaxies. | b. | 100 million
galaxies. | d. | 100 trillion
galaxies. |
|
|
|
2.
|
Clusters of galaxies can form larger groups called
a. | supernovas. | c. | constellations. | b. | superclusters. | d. | supergiants. |
|
|
|
3.
|
The big bang theory states that the universe began with a gigantic
explosion
a. | 4.4 billion years ago. | c. | 50 billion years ago. | b. | 13 to 15 billion
years ago. | d. | 100 billion
years ago. |
|
|
|
4.
|
Supergiant stars
a. | form from red giants. | c. | form planetary nebulae. | b. | fuse hydrogen into
carbon. | d. | form
supernovas. |
|
|
|
5.
|
Quasars are thought to be the centers of
a. | distant nebulas. | c. | distant galaxies. | b. | distant constellations. | d. | distant
clusters. |
|
|
|
6.
|
The varying theories of the universe’s eventual fate all depend on the
universe’s current
a. | rate of expansion. | c. | volume. | b. | mass. | d. | energy. |
|
|
|
7.
|
The core is the hottest part of the sun with a temperature of about
a. | 50,000 K. | c. | 15,000,000 K. | b. | 1,000,000 K. | d. | 200,000,000 K. |
|
|
|
8.
|
The brightness of a star depends on its
a. | temperature. | c. | distance from Earth. | b. | size. | d. | All of the
above |
|
|
|
9.
|
The sun will eventually end up as a
a. | white dwarf. | c. | neutron star. | b. | brown dwarf. | d. | black hole. |
|
|
|
10.
|
Stars produce energy by fusing hydrogen into
a. | oxygen. | c. | carbon. | b. | iron. | d. | helium. |
|
|
|
11.
|
The lifespan of the sun before reaching the red giant stage is about
a. | 250 million years. | c. | 40 billion years. | b. | 10 billion years. | d. | 150 billion
years. |
|
|
|
12.
|
The surface temperature of the sun is related to its peak wavelength, which is
near the color
a. | yellow. | c. | red. | b. | violet. | d. | blue. |
|
|
|
13.
|
A _____ is so massive and compressed that not even light can escape its
gravity.
a. | neutron star | c. | protostar | b. | black hole | d. | supernova |
|
|
|
14.
|
A galaxy is a collection of _____ bound together by gravity.
a. | stars | c. | universes | b. | superclusters | d. | None of the
above |
|
|
|
15.
|
Quasars were named for their
a. | absorption of radiation. | c. | resemblance to
galaxies. | b. | generation of radiation. | d. | resemblance to stars. |
|
|
|
16.
|
Interstellar matter is composed of _____ found between stars in a galaxy.
a. | planets and moons | c. | dust and gas | b. | light and radio waves | d. | None of the
above |
|
|
|
17.
|
Astronomers group galaxies into three types, according to their
a. | shapes. | c. | colors. | b. | ages. | d. | sizes. |
|
|
|
18.
|
Our solar system is located in which of these galaxies?
a. | Andromeda | c. | Messier 87 | b. | Milky Way | d. | Fornax A |
|
|
|
19.
|
A star generates energy by
a. | fission. | c. | fusion. | b. | photosynthesis. | d. | None of the
above |
|
|
|
20.
|
The Milky Way galaxy contains interstellar matter that may
a. | form new galaxies. | c. | form new universes. | b. | form new stars. | d. | form new
constellations. |
|
|
|
21.
|
Elliptical galaxies often appear reddish due to an abundance of
a. | old stars. | c. | young stars. | b. | black holes. | d. | white dwarfs. |
|
|
|
22.
|
Our galaxy is classified as a(n)
a. | irregular galaxy. | c. | spherical galaxy. | b. | elliptical galaxy. | d. | spiral galaxy. |
|
|
|
23.
|
Who first proposed that the universe is expanding?
a. | Darwin | c. | Copernicus | b. | Kepler | d. | Hubble |
|
|
|
24.
|
A star’s apparent brightness is dependent upon
a. | temperature. | c. | size. | b. | distance from Earth. | d. | All of the
above |
|
|
|
25.
|
Like 90 % of all stars in our galaxy, the sun is
a. | a red giant | c. | in midlife. | b. | a very young star | d. | None of the
above |
|
|
|
26.
|
Energy is released in stars as a result of
a. | fission reactions. | c. | endothermic reactions. | b. | fusion
reactions. | d. | biochemical
reactions. |
|
|
|
27.
|
Most of the stars in the Milky Way will end their lives as
a. | white dwarfs. | c. | supernovas. | b. | black holes. | d. | red giants. |
|
|
|
28.
|
A light-year is a unit of
a. | time. | c. | mass. | b. | distance. | d. | density. |
|
|
|
29.
|
Our solar system is inside the
a. | Alpha Centauri galaxy. | c. | Milky Way galaxy. | b. | Betelgeuse galaxy. | d. | Andromeda
galaxy. |
|
|
|
30.
|
Galaxies are classified based on their
a. | shape. | c. | stars. | b. | color. | d. | age. |
|
|
|
31.
|
An observation of the red shift of galaxies suggests that the universe is
a. | expanding. | c. | reversing. | b. | contracting. | d. | stagnant. |
|
|
|
32.
|
The surface temperature of a star can be estimated based on the
star’s
a. | size. | c. | age. | b. | color. | d. | mass. |
|
|
|
33.
|
An astronomer observes four stars, each of which is a different color. Of these
stars, the _____ star is the hottest.
a. | red | c. | yellow | b. | blue | d. | green |
|
|
|
34.
|
In stars, energy is produced primarily as hydrogen atoms are combined to
form
a. | helium atoms. | c. | oxygen atoms. | b. | carbon atoms. | d. | nitrogen atoms. |
|
|
|
35.
|
A star is born when
a. | gas and dust collapse inward. | b. | nuclear fusion starts in the
core. | c. | the fusion of hydrogen slows down. | d. | the core becomes carbon and
oxygen. |
|
|
|
36.
|
Quasars were named for their
a. | absorption of radiation. | c. | resemblance to
galaxies. | b. | generation of radiation. | d. | resemblance to stars. |
|
Matching
|
|
|
Match each item to the correct statement below. a. | all galaxies | c. | elliptical galaxies | b. | spiral galaxies | d. | irregular
galaxies |
|
|
|
37.
|
egg shaped or spherical
|
|
|
38.
|
composed of stars
|
|
|
39.
|
lack a well-defined structure
|
|
|
40.
|
huge central bulge, surrounded by arms
|
|
|
Match each item to the correct statement below. a. | universe | f. | Doppler effect | b. | red shift | g. | big crunch | c. | blue
shift | h. | red shift
galaxy | d. | big bang theory | i. | dark matter | e. | cosmic background radiation | j. | general theory
relativity |
|
|
|
41.
|
an observed change in the frequency of a wave when the source or observer is
moving
|
|
|
42.
|
theory that all matter and energy in the universe exploded ten to twenty
billion years ago and began expanding in all directions
|
|
|
43.
|
galaxy moving away from Earth
|
|
|
44.
|
apparent shift toward shorter wavelengths of light when a luminous object moves
toward the viewer
|
|
|
45.
|
theory that matter distorts space
|
|
|
46.
|
sum of all space, matter, and energy
|
|
|
47.
|
matter not visible through current methods, but observable through
gravitational interactions between galaxies
|
|
|
48.
|
apparent shift toward longer wavelengths of light when a luminous object moves
away from the viewer
|
|
|
49.
|
steady but faint microwaves from all over the sky
|
|
|
50.
|
the possible contraction and collapse of the currently expanding
universe
|
