Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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Section 1 - Energy Flow in Ecosystems
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1.
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What term is used to describe a linear sequence in which energy is transferred
from one organism to the next?
a. | food web | b. | food chain | c. | trophic
level | d. | energy pyramid |
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2.
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Which organism is likely to be in the bottom trophic level in a food
chain?
a. | leopard seal | b. | alga | c. | krill | d. | killer whale |
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3.
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What is the ultimate source of energy for almost all organisms?
a. | producers | b. | consumers | c. | the
sun | d. | bacteria |
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4.
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What are organisms that eat both plants and animals called?
a. | herbivores | b. | carnivores | c. | omnivores | d. | autotrophs |
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Section 2 - The Cycling of Matter
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5.
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Which of the following is one of the largest carbon reservoirs on Earth?
a. | Limestone | b. | fossil fuels | c. | Amazon rain
forest | d. | Atlantic Ocean |
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6.
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Which of the following is not part of the nitrogen cycle?
a. | nitrogen gas in rock | b. | nitrogen in the atmosphere | c. | nitrogen compounds
in animal waste | d. | nitrogen compounds in the soil |
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Section 3 - How Ecosystems Change
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7.
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What type of vegetation would you expect to find on an abandoned farm that has
remained undisturbed for 150 years?
a. | short grasses | b. | shrubs | c. | young pine
trees | d. | tall, mature oak trees |
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8.
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What type of vegetation would you expect to find on newly formed volcanic
islands?
a. | lichens | b. | short grasses | c. | shrubs | d. | young trees |
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9.
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What type of succession occurs after a natural process such as a flood?
a. | primary succession | b. | secondary succession | c. | old-field
succession | d. | climax community |
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10.
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The eruption of a volcano would be followed by
a. | primary succession. | b. | secondary succession. | c. | old-field
succession. | d. | forest succession |
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Matching
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Section 1 - Energy Flow in Ecosystems
Choose the
letter of the term or phrase that best matches the description.
a. | cellular respiration | d. | consumer | b. | decomposer | e. | photosynthesis | c. | producer | f. | food web |
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11.
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an organism that makes its own food
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12.
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the process of breaking down food to yield energy
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13.
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organisms that get their energy by eating other organisms
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14.
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the process in which plants make sugar molecules from sunlight
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15.
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consumers that get their food by breaking down dead organisms
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16.
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the many feeding relationships possible in an ecosystem
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Section 2 - The Cycling of Matter
Choose the letter of
the term or phrase that best matches the description.
a. | carbon cycle | e. | atmospheric
nitrogen | b. | increased atmospheric CO2 | f. | decomposers | c. | phosphorus
cycle | g. | nitrogen-fixing
bacteria | d. | algal bloom | h. | nitrogen cycle |
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17.
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the process in which nitrogen is cycled between the atmosphere, bacteria, and
other organisms
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18.
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the movement of phosphorus from the environment to organisms and then back to
the environment
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19.
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the process by which carbon is cycled between the atmosphere, land, water, and
organisms
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20.
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organisms that can transform unusable nitrogen in the atmosphere into chemical
compounds containing nitrogen that can be used by other organisms
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21.
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breaks down decaying organisms
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22.
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part of the nitrogen cycle
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23.
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evidence of excessive use of fertilizer
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24.
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the result of burning fossil fuels
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Section 3 - How Ecosystems Change
Choose the letter of
the term or phrase that best matches the description.
a. | ecological
succession | d. | pioneer species | b. | primary succession | e. | climax community | c. | secondary
succession | f. | old-field
succession |
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25.
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a common type of succession that occurs on a surface where an ecosystem has
previously existed
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26.
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the first organisms to colonize any newly available area and begin the process
of ecological succession
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27.
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a final and stable community
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28.
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a type of succession that occurs on a surface where no ecosystem existed
before
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29.
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a type of succession that occurs on abandoned farmland
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30.
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a gradual process of change and replacement of the types of species in a
community
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