Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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How did the Himalaya Mountains form?
a. | erosion | c. | glacial movements | b. | convection | d. | colliding tectonic
plates |
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2.
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What are wind and water erosion not likely to affect?
a. | mountains | c. | tides | b. | rocks | d. | soil |
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3.
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Which of the following is the most geologically active region on the surface of
Earth?
a. | glacial valleys | c. | boundaries between tectonic plates | b. | mountain
peaks | d. | recharge
zones |
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4.
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Which of the following are producers of oxygen?
a. | plants | c. | automobiles | b. | animals | d. | industries |
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5.
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The ozone layer is located in the
a. | stratosphere. | c. | thermosphere. | b. | ionosphere. | d. | troposphere. |
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6.
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Large-scale atmospheric phenomena caused by air that is constantly in motion is
known as
a. | conduction. | c. | weather. | b. | convection. | d. | hurricanes. |
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7.
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What is the estimated temperature of Earth’s inner core?
a. | 3,000°C to 4,000°C | c. | 400°C to 500°C | b. | 4,000°C to
5,400°C | d. | 300°C to 425°C |
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8.
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The Richter scale best describes the
a. | location of a wave. | c. | duration of an earthquake. | b. | frequency of a
wave. | d. | magnitude of an
earthquake. |
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9.
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The molten rock that is found in the upper mantle is
a. | limestone. | c. | granite. | b. | magma. | d. | basalt. |
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10.
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Which of the following is not one of the compositional layers of
Earth?
a. | mesosphere | c. | outer core | b. | mantle | d. | inner core |
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11.
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Which of the following is Earth’s densest atmospheric layer?
a. | mesosphere | c. | thermosphere | b. | stratosphere | d. | troposphere |
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12.
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In the troposphere, which of the following decreases as altitude
increases?
a. | temperature | c. | pressure | b. | radiation | d. | Both (a) and
(c) |
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13.
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Which of the following is not a mechanism of energy transfer through or
within Earth’s atmosphere?
a. | radiation | c. | conduction | b. | condensation | d. | convection |
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14.
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_____ causes air to be denser near Earth’s surface.
a. | Gravity | c. | Condensation | b. | Temperature | d. | Evaporation |
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15.
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Without the greenhouse effect, Earth’s atmosphere would be _____ to
support life.
a. | too hot | c. | too wet | b. | too cold | d. | lacking the
oxygen |
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16.
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Which of the following includes all of the water on or near Earth’s
surface?
a. | geosphere | c. | atmosphere | b. | hydrosphere | d. | lithosphere |
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17.
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Where is most of the fresh water on Earth located?
a. | in reservoirs and lakes | c. | in oceans | b. | in ice caps and
glaciers | d. | in streams and
tributaries |
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18.
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Ocean water _____ than fresh water.
a. | freezes at a higher temperature | c. | supports fewer
fish | b. | contains more salts | d. | is less abundant |
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19.
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Deep currents flow along the
a. | ocean floor. | c. | thermocline. | b. | ocean surface. | d. | halocline. |
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20.
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Surface currents circulate in different directions, depending on the _____ in
which they occur.
a. | hemisphere | c. | hydrosphere | b. | troposphere | d. | biosphere |
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21.
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Which of the following is the layer of the ocean extending from the base of the
thermocline to the bottom of the ocean?
a. | surface layer | c. | deep zone | b. | thermocline | d. | bottom zone |
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22.
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With respect to energy, Earth is a(n)
a. | unstable system. | c. | open system. | b. | stationary system. | d. | closed system. |
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23.
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What part of Earth encompasses all areas where organisms can obtain the energy
they need?
a. | biosphere | c. | atmosphere | b. | hydrosphere | d. | lithosphere |
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24.
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Currents at the surface of the ocean are driven by
a. | tectonic plates. | c. | salinity. | b. | gravity. | d. | wind. |
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25.
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With respect to matter, Earth is mostly
a. | an open system. | c. | an ecosystem. | b. | a closed system. | d. | a biosphere. |
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Completion
Complete each
statement.
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26.
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The Richter scale is used by scientists to measure the amount of energy released
by a(an) ____________________.
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27.
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The removal and transport of surface material by water and wind is known as
____________________.
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28.
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The second most abundant gas in Earth’s atmosphere is
____________________.
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29.
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In the upper atmosphere, the form of oxygen that protects Earth from the
sun’s ultraviolet rays is called ____________________.
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30.
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The force of ____________________ allows a planet to hold and maintain an
atmosphere.
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