Environmental Science Test 2B
 
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Environmental Science Test 2B

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 
 
Section 1  -  Scientific Methods
 

 1. 

One important scientific habit of mind is the ability to conceive of new ideas, called
a.
intellectual honesty.
b.
curiosity.
c.
imagination.
d.
skepticism.
 

 2. 

Which of the following is not a habit of mind of a good scientist?
a.
Skepticism
b.
Creativity
c.
intellectual predictability
d.
openness to new ideas
 

 3. 

By examining___________, scientists can test predictions for situations in which it is impossible or unethical to use experiments.
a.
correlations
b.
observations
c.
control groups
d.
variables
 

 4. 

In an experiment, the factor of interest is called the
a.
control group.
b.
experimental group.
c.
hypothesis.
d.
variable.
 

 5. 

The group that does not receive the experimental treatment in an experiment is the
a.
control group.
b.
experimental group.
c.
data.
d.
variable.
 
 
Section 2  -  Statistics and Models
 

 6. 

Scientists use statistics to
a.
graph data.
b.
analyze data.
c.
communicate ideas to each other.
d.
All of the above
 

 7. 

To get an accurate result, a sample size must be
a.
small enough to give an accurate estimate for two or more populations.
b.
large enough to give an accurate estimate for a whole population.
c.
equal to the mean.
d.
greater than the mean.
 

 8. 

When studying a system, a conceptual model can help scientists understand
a.
what components a system contains.
b.
how the system components affect each other.
c.
Both (a) and (b)
d.
None of the above
 

 9. 

Which model is particularly useful in scientific cases with many variables?
a.
physical
b.
graphical
c.
conceptual
d.
mathematical
 

 10. 

Risk is
a.
the collection of numerical data.
b.
the probability that something wanted will happen.
c.
the probability that something unwanted will happen.
d.
a group of similar things of interest to a scientist.
 

 11. 

The classification and collection of data that are in the form of numbers is called
a.
statistics.
b.
probability.
c.
distribution.
d.
mean.
 
 
Section 3  -  Making Informed Decisions
 

 12. 

When making an environmental decision, listing positive and negative long- and short-term consequences can help you to
a.
predict risks involved.
b.
make observations.
c.
weigh your values.
d.
collect data for a graph.
 

 13. 

Principles or standards we consider important are known as
a.
values.
b.
models.
c.
morals.
d.
data.
 

 14. 

The decision-making model
a.
provides a systematic process.
b.
is a conceptual model.
c.
helps you make decisions.
d.
All of the above
 

 15. 

Which environmental decision-making model is in the correct order?
a.
Make a decision. Gather information. Consider values. Explore consequences.
b.
Gather information. Consider values. Explore consequences. Make a decision.
c.
Consider values. Explore consequences. Make a decision. Gather information.
d.
Explore consequences. Make a decision. Gather information. Consider values.
 

 16. 

Which step in the environmental decision-making model should include reading newspapers and listening to well-informed people on all sides of an issue?
a.
evaluating all the information
b.
gathering information
c.
considering values
d.
exploring consequences
 

Completion
Complete each statement.
 

 17. 

A(n) ____________________ is a logical statement about what will happen in an experiment if the hypothesis is supported.
 

 

 18. 

Numeric information called ____________________ is gathered in an experiment.
 

 

 19. 

In statistics, the group of individuals used to represent the population is called the ____________________.
 

 

 20. 

Equations used to represent how a scientific process works are called _________________________ models.
 

 

 21. 

When scientists are not able to use an experiment to test a prediction, ____________________ can be examined.
 

 

 22. 

The procedure used by scientists to test a hypothesis is called a(n) ____________________.
 

 

 23. 

Maps and charts are examples of ____________________ models.
 

 

 24. 

Information known as a(n) ____________________ is gathered by using the senses.
 

 

 25. 

A(n) ____________________ is a testable explanation for an observation.
 

 

Matching
 
 
Section 3  -  Making Informed Decisions

Choose the letter of the description that best matches the term or phrase.
a.
the protection of natural resources
b.
human leisure activities
c.
what is right or wrong
d.
the maintenance of human communities, their values, and their traditions
e.
the accumulation, sharing of knowledge
 

 26. 

social/cultural value
 

 27. 

educational value
 

 28. 

environmental value
 

 29. 

recreational value
 

 30. 

ethical/moral value
 



 
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