Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The classification and collection of data that are in the form of numbers is
called
a. | statistics. | c. | distribution. | b. | probability. | d. | mean. |
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2.
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The group that does not receive the experimental treatment in an experiment is
the
a. | control group. | c. | data. | b. | experimental group. | d. | variable. |
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3.
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By examining _____, scientists can test predictions for situations in which it
is impossible or unethical to use experiments.
a. | correlations | c. | control groups | b. | observations | d. | variables |
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4.
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Scientists use statistics to
a. | graph data. | c. | communicate ideas to each other. | b. | analyze
data. | d. | All of the
above |
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5.
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In an experiment, the factor of interest is called the
a. | control group. | c. | hypothesis. | b. | experimental group. | d. | variable. |
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6.
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The average mass of a wolf in a pack of wolves is an example of
a. | mean. | c. | sample size. | b. | distribution. | d. | statistical
population. |
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7.
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A model of a dinosaur is an example of a _____ model.
a. | graphical | c. | conceptual | b. | mathematical | d. | physical |
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8.
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The chance that an earthquake will occur in your town during the next year is an
example of
a. | correlation. | c. | risk. | b. | skepticism. | d. | distribution. |
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9.
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The experimental method includes which of the following steps?
a. | remaining skeptical, organizing data, and analyzing data | b. | drawing conclusions,
being open to new ideas, and communicating results | c. | observing, hypothesizing, predicting,
experimenting, and communicating results | d. | being curious, imagining, being able to see
patterns, observing, and predicting |
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10.
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Why are mathematical models important?
a. | They are especially useful in situations with many variables. | b. | They can be used to
create useful digital images. | c. | They can represent how a system or process
works. | d. | All of the above |
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11.
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Which step in the experimental method are scientists conducting when they
photograph birds in flight?
a. | observing | c. | drawing conclusions | b. | hypothesizing | d. | analyzing data |
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12.
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If you consider what will add to our understanding of the natural world in
making an environmental decision, you are examining a(n) _____ value.
a. | ethical/moral | c. | environmental | b. | aesthetic | d. | scientific |
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13.
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Before you can make a decision using a decision-making model, what step must you
take?
a. | Explore the consequences of each option. | b. | Consider which
values apply to the issue. | c. | Gather information. | d. | All of the
above |
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14.
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In a scientific investigation, it is important that the number of objects or
events being sampled be
a. | a guess of how likely an unwanted outcome will occur. | b. | large enough to give
an accurate estimate for the whole population. | c. | equal to the mean number of objects or events
not sampled. | d. | equal to the total statistical population. |
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15.
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A good hypothesis is more than a guess because it
a. | is based on intuition rather than observation. | b. | states what is
likely to happen. | c. | makes logical sense. | d. | Both (b) and
(c) |
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16.
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Curiosity and imagination are important in science because they are
a. | skills needed to organize and analyze data. | b. | models that
represent objects and systems in the environment. | c. | abilities in scientists that help expand our
knowledge. | d. | None of the above |
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17.
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What essential characteristic does a good experiment have?
a. | A control group is given the experimental treatment. | b. | A single variable is
tested. | c. | A control is used. | d. | Both (b) and
(c) |
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18.
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Your county is considering buying land to form a nature preserve. On this land,
an endangered species of bird is known to breed. Which of the following is a possible negative
short-term consequence to the county making this decision?
a. | The population of the endangered species increases. | b. | Habitat destruction
is immediately decreased. | c. | Environmental controls are made less strict
outside the preserve area. | d. | Habitats outside the preserve area become
damaged by overdevelopment. |
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19.
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When making a decision about whether or not to build a dam, you are considering
an economic value when you ask which of the following questions?
a. | Will the dam provide new leisure activities? | b. | How many jobs will
building the dam generate? | c. | Will building the dam destroy natural
resources? | d. | Is it right to build a dam here? |
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20.
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What step in a simple environmental decision-making model are you taking when
you consider whether or not people will benefit financially from setting aside land as a national
park?
a. | exploring consequences | c. | gathering information | b. | making a
decision | d. | None of the
above |
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21.
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The three final steps of the experimental method in their correct order
are
a. | drawing conclusions, analyzing data, and repeating experiments. | b. | drawing conclusions,
repeating experiments, and communicating results. | c. | observing, hypothesizing, and drawing
conclusions. | d. | repeating experiments, communicating results, and drawing
conclusions. |
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22.
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When you ask the question, “If a marsh is included as part of a nature
preserve, will it protect our water resources?” you are considering which of the following
types of values?
a. | aesthetic | c. | environmental | b. | educational | d. | social/cultural |
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23.
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Which of the following models would you use to represent the shape of
Earth’s surface beneath the oceans?
a. | graphical | c. | conceptual | b. | mathematical | d. | physical |
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Matching
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Section 1 - Scientific Methods
Choose the letter of
the description that best matches the term or phrase.
a. | logical statement about what will
happen | d. | procedure used to test a hypothesis | b. | information gathered in an
experiment | e. | information
gathered by using the senses | c. | testable explanation for an
observation |
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24.
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observation
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25.
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hypothesis
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26.
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prediction
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27.
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experiment
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28.
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data
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Section 2 - Statistics and Models
Choose the letter of
the description that best matches the term or phrase.
a. | a flow chart | b. | includes maps and
charts | c. | three-dimensional representation you can touch | d. | equation
representing how a process works |
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29.
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physical model
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30.
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graphical model
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31.
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mathematical model
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32.
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conceptual model
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