Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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Section 1 - Water Resources
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1.
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How much of Earth’s water is fresh water?
a. | 1 percent | b. | 3 percent | c. | 77
percent | d. | 97 percent |
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2.
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Which of the following does not make up part of Earth’s surface
water?
a. | wetlands | b. | rivers | c. | aquifers | d. | lakes |
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3.
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Which of the following statements helps to explain why fresh water is a limited
resource?
a. | Most of Earth’s water is salt water. | b. | About 71 percent of
Earth’s surface is covered by water. | c. | Most of Earth’s fresh water is not liquid
water usable by humans. | d. | both (a) and
(c) |
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4.
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Surface water becomes groundwater when it
a. | moves below the water table. | b. | condenses to form drops of liquid
water. | c. | percolates into the recharge zone. | d. | flows onto the ground through a
spring. |
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5.
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A rock’s ability to allow the flow of water through it is called
a. | permeability. | b. | porosity. | c. | recharge. | d. | distribution. |
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Section 2 - Water Use and Management
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6.
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Which of the following activities accounts for the greatest percentage of fresh
water used worldwide?
a. | drinking | b. | washing | c. | manufacturing | d. | irrigating
crops |
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7.
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Water treatment involves adding pathogens.
a. | adding pathogens. | b. | adding mercury. | c. | adding
chlorine. | d. | removing fluoride. |
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8.
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Water diversion projects may involve the movement of water to dry regions
using
a. | canals. | b. | dams. | c. | reservoirs. | d. | sprinklers. |
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9.
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Which of the following would be the best way for a desert farmer to reduce water
loss from evaporation and seepage and thus conserve water?
a. | dig deeper wells | b. | recycle cooling water and
wastewater | c. | install low-flow toilets | d. | install a drip irrigation
system |
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10.
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Industrial water use includes which of the following activities?
a. | irrigation | b. | power generation | c. | drinking | d. | car washing |
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Section 3 - Water Pollution
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11.
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Point-source pollution and nonpoint-source pollution differ in
a. | the kind of biological agents causing the pollution. | b. | whether the source
of pollution is agricultural or industrial. | c. | the number of sources from which the pollution
is discharged. | d. | whether the pollutants are chemical or physical
agents. |
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12.
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Fertilizers are classified as which kind of water pollutant?
a. | organic chemicals | b. | inorganic chemicals | c. | heavy
metals | d. | physical agents |
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13.
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One reason polluted groundwater pollution is difficult to clean is that
a. | the location of underground storage tanks is not always known. | b. | pollutants cling to
the materials that make up aquifers. | c. | runoff contaminates the water
supply. | d. | All of the above |
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14.
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Sources of ocean pollution include
a. | oil spills. | b. | direct dumping of
wastewater. | c. | activities on land. | d. | All of the
above |
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15.
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Which Act strengthened the laws against dumping waste in U.S. waters?
a. | Marine Protection, Research | b. | Clean Water Act and Sanctuaries
Act | c. | Water Quality Act | d. | both (a) and
(b) |
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Matching
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Section 1 - Water Resources
Choose the letter of the
term or phrase that best matches the description.
a. | watershed | d. | groundwater | b. | aquifer | e. | recharge zone | c. | river
system |
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16.
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underground formation containing groundwater
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17.
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flowing network of surface water
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18.
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area of Earth’s surface where water percolates down into the
aquifer
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19.
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area of land drained by a river
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20.
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water stored under Earth’s surface
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Section 2 - Water Use and Management
Choose the letter
of the term or phrase that best matches the description.
a. | desalination | d. | reservoir | b. | potable | e. | irrigation | c. | pathogen |
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21.
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process of removing salt from salt water
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22.
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disease-causing organism
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23.
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safe to drink
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24.
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method of providing water to plants other than by precipitation
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25.
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artificial lake
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Section 3 - Water Pollution
Choose the letter of the
term or phrase that best matches the description.
a. | thermal pollution | d. | artificial
eutrophication | b. | wastewater | e. | water pollution | c. | biomagnification |
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26.
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accumulation of pollutants at successive levels of the food chain
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27.
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introduction of chemical, physical, or biological agents into water
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28.
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accelerated build-up of nutrients caused by humans
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29.
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water that contains waste from industry or homes
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30.
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results in an increase of water temperature
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