EOC Mock Test
 
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EOC Mock Test

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 

mc001-1.jpg
Which group of organisms in this food web can be described as both primary and secondary consumers?
a.
hawks
b.
raccoons
c.
weasels
d.
mice
 

 2. 

According to the theory of natural selection, which of the following organisms is most likely to survive in the given
environments?
a.
a large, leafy plant with shallow roots in a hot and dry desert biome
b.
a bird with a short beak in an area where insects live deep within the ground
c.
a rabbit with short, brown fur in a cold, snowy, arctic environment
d.
a lizard that exhibits the same coloration as its surrounding plant life
 

 3. 

In order for nerve cells and muscle cells to function properly, they require a high concentration of potassium ions
inside the cells and a high concentration of sodium ions outside the cells.
To maintain this condition, cells utilize sodiumpotassium pumps embedded within their cellular membranes to move the ions against their concentration gradients.
mc003-1.jpg
Since sodiumpotassium pumps require an input of energy to operate, they are an example of...
a.
facilitated diffusion.
b.
passive transport.
c.
active transport.
d.
filtration.
 

 4. 

If a cat has 38 chromosomes in each of its body cells, how many chromosomes will be in each daughter cell after
mitosis?
a.
19
b.
11
c.
38
d.
76
 

 5. 

mc005-1.jpg
The above diagram suggests that
a.
energy flows from secondary consumers to primary consumers in an ecosystem.
b.
producers are the foundation of all energy pyramids.
c.
tertiary consumers are the ultimate source of energy in an ecosystem.
d.
there are more tertiary consumers than producers in an energy pyramid.
 

 6. 

mc006-1.jpg
An experiment was set up to test the effects of light on the growing tip of a plant. The diagram shows a longitudinal section of the growing plant tip. Which of these observations correctly describes the results?
a.
The walls of the cells farther away from the light source are thicker.
b.
The cells in the center of the plant are more flexible than cells on the sides.
c.
There are more cells on the side of the plants facing away from the light source.
d.
The cells farther away from the light source are longer than the cells facing the light.
 

 7. 


Most organisms can be divided into two categories prokaryotes
and eukaryotes. What is the main difference between these two categories?
a.
Eukaryotes are found in all of the six major taxonomic kingdoms.
b.
Prokaryotes do not possess a nucleus or any other membrane bound organelles.
c.
Eukaryotes are living organisms whereas prokaryotes include some nonliving matter.
d.
Prokaryotes do not possess any means of locomotion and are thus unable to move.
 

 8. 


Composting
As part of a class exercise on composting, two students constructed identical worm bins (containers), which they kept at their homes. Red
worms were then added to the bins. Both students counted the number of red worms in their bins on the first of the month. The results are
shown in the graph below.
mc008-1.jpg
A worm bin should be kept between 12°C and 25 °C and 2.5 kg of food should be added to a bin each week. Student 1 followed these
requirements exactly. During December, Student 2 left town for three weeks ; during March, the temperature in Student 2’s worm bin reached
30°C.

Which of the following probably accounted for the large drop in population in Student 2's bin from March to April?
a.
overheating
b.
overpopulation
c.
lack of food
d.
lack of water
 

 9. 

Predators and their prey often evolve in response to one another. This is called an evolutionary arms race.
For example, many mollusk species have developed thick shells to avoid being eaten by crabs and fish. In response, crabs and fish have developed powerful jaws and claws that can break through the thick shells. As time passes, the mollusks will develop even thicker shells to compensate for the powerful jaws and claws.

A change in the genetic traits of one species in response to a genetic change in another species is known as _______.
a.
co-evolution
b.
commensalism
c.
mutualism
d.
parasitism
 

 10. 

mc010-1.jpg
Because of this animal's adaptations, it would be most successful at
a.
competing with birds.
b.
hiding from predators.
c.
running very rapidly.
d.
making its own food.
 

 11. 

The cell membrane serves many functions. One of the cell membrane's functions is to help the cell maintain
homeostasis. Which of the following statements best supports this claim?
a.
The cell membrane contains a polar region and a nonpolar region.
b.
The cell membrane regulates what goes in and out of the cell.
c.
The cell membrane contains phospholipids.
d.
The cell membrane contains proteins.
 

 12. 

Which of the following forms of RNA is transcribed from DNA and carries coding information to the ribosomes?
a.
RNA polymerase
b.
mRNA
c.
tRNA
d.
rRNA
 

 13. 

Alexis's school class will be traveling to the city library next week to collect information on specific topics that
each student has chosen to learn about. Alexis wants to learn about the cheetah, but she still needs to choose a
hypothesis for her research. Which of these would work as a hypothesis for Alexis?
a.
The cheetah can run faster than the tiger but not as fast as the jaguar.
b.
Is the cheetah the fastest land mammal?
c.
What makes a cheetah run fast?
d.
The cheetah runs fast only when it is frightened.
 

 14. 

mc014-1.jpg
In the above animal cell, what is the function of the cellular organelle labeled with the letter W?
a.
packages and distributes proteins and lipids
b.
digests cellular wastes
c.
contains the cellular DNA
d.
provides the cell with energy
 

 15. 

Mitosis is the process through which a cell replicates its DNA and produces two identical daughter cells. If a cell
undergoing mitosis is currently in prophase as shown in the diagram below,
mc015-1.jpg
    mc015-2.jpg

which of the following phases immediately follows?
a.
mc015-3.jpg
b.
mc015-4.jpg
c.
mc015-5.jpg
d.
mc015-6.jpg
 

 16. 

mc016-1.jpg

It was hypothesized that there was a maximum number of red worms that could survive in the worm bins.
Is this hypothesis supported by the data in the graph?
a.
Yes, because the number of red worms in Student 2's bin continued to increase between September and
May.
b.
No, because the number of red worms in Student 2's bin decreased between December and January.
c.
Yes, because the number of red worms in Student 1's bin remained fairly constant between December and
May.
d.
No, because the number of red worms in Student 1's bin decreased between December and May.
 

 17. 

Suppose several house flies were allowed to enter the worm bins and feed on the food scraps. Which of the
following interactions would most likely occur between the house flies and the red worms?
a.
predation
b.
parasitism
c.
competition
d.
commensalism
 

 18. 

Jennifer wants to breed finches. Her first finch has a heavy beak and dark feathers, but she does not know its
genotype.
If beak type and feather color are determined by two separate genes, and if a heavy beak (B) and dark feathers (F)
are dominant over a light beak (b) and white feathers (f), then what finch genotype should Jennifer cross her finch
with to learn the most information about her finch's genotype in one generation of offspring?
a.
BbFF
b.
BBFF
c.
Bbff
d.
bbff
 

 19. 

Which of the following best describes the way that genes, chromosomes, and DNA are related?
a.
Genes contain several chromosomes, which are made up of sequences of DNA.
b.
Sequences of DNA contain several genes, which are made up of chromosomes.
c.
Genes contain several sequences of DNA, which are made up of chromosomes.
d.
Chromosomes contain several genes, which are made up of sequences of DNA.
 

 20. 

As different organisms evolved from a common ancestor, some of their body structures retained similarities even
if their functions deviated. These structures are known as homologous structures.
Which of the following pairs of structures are an example of homologous structures?
a.
tortoise shells and rhinoceros horns
b.
mice whiskers and horse manes
c.
bat wings and human arms
d.
insect exoskeletons and mammalian vertebra
 

 21. 

Ten different types of culture media were inoculated with the same strain of bacteria and incubated at the same
temperature. Nine of the cultures grew. Which of these conclusions can be drawn from this information?
a.
The temperature varied greatly during the experiment.
b.
One of the media lacked the nutrients needed for the bacteria to grow.
c.
The media used in the experiment are all capable of sustaining bacterial growth.
d.
Only the culture that failed to grow bacteria was inoculated properly.
 

 22. 

Cyanobacteria, or bluegreen algae, are photosynthetic bacteria that live in both aquatic and land environments.
Given this description, into which of the following categories should cyanobacteria be classified?
a.
consumer
b.
decomposer
c.
producer
d.
all of these
 

 23. 

Look at the DNA segment below.

GATCGT

Which of the segments below would be complementary to the segment above during DNA replication?
a.
CATGCT
b.
GTACGA
c.
CTAGCA
d.
CUAGCA
 

 24. 

The Earth's carbon cycle consists of the flow, cycling, and recycling of all of the carbon on the Earth. Every living
organism's composition includes the element carbon. How does carbon become part of living organisms?
a.
Carbon is a part of sunlight and enters through the skins of all organisms.
b.
Producers take in carbon directly from the soil through their roots, and consumers eat the producers.
c.
Consumers take in carbon dioxide from the air, and producers eat the consumers.
d.
Producers take in carbon dioxide from the air, and consumers eat the producers.
 

 25. 

Many natural ecosystems have been destroyed by human activity. To better manage our remaining natural
ecosystems, we must first understand how the ecosystems are structured. One way to do this is to determine how the organisms in the ecosystem obtain the matter and energy they need to survive. The figure below shows a simplified food web.
mc025-1.jpg

Often, organisms compete with each other for a food source. Which of the following pairs of organisms compete with each other for food?
a.
rabbits and green plants
b.
squirrels and owls
c.
mice and owls
d.
mice and rabbits
 

 26. 

Which of the following pieces of equipment would be most appropriate for measuring the volume of a marble?
a.
a beaker
b.
a digital scale
c.
a graduated cylinder
d.
a ruler
 

 27. 

Which of the following scenarios is an example of selective breeding?
a.
Longnecked giraffes thrive in an area with very tall trees while giraffes with shorter necks struggle in the
same region.
b.
When a population of white moths migrates into an area of trees with dark bark, they are eaten by
predators and become extinct.
c.
The dominant rooster on a farm contiuously fights with other roosters thereby preventing them from
mating with hens in his flock.
d.
Two purebred black Labrador Retrievers are permitted to mate to produce a litter of show quality black lab puppies.
 

 28. 

Why does an enzyme function as a catalyst in a reaction?
a.
It maintains the proper temperature needed for the reaction.
b.
It provides the extra energy needed for the reaction.
c.
It creates the right pH needed for the reaction.
d.
It decreases the amount of energy needed for the reaction.
 

 29. 

mc029-1.jpg
Which statement describes the diagram above?
a.
DNA transcription is producing messenger RNA.
b.
DNA translation is producing ribosomal RNA..
c.
DNA transcription is producing ribosomal RNA.
d.
DNA translation is producing messenger RNA.
 

 30. 

mc030-1.jpg
Which statement describes how this ecosystem is likely to change after many years of succession?
a.
The number of plants will increase
b.
The number of fish will increase
c.
The elevation of the hill will increase
d.
The level of the water will increase
 

 31. 

Daniel wants to know how much water is best to give a pepper plant. He plans to buy 5 similar pepper plants in
pots and put them all in the same area of his patio, in the sunshine. He will number each pot, 15,
and water them according to their number:
Pot #1 he will water every day, pot #2 he will water every second day, pot #3 he will water every third day, and so on. He will record his observations once each week. After 6 weeks, he plans to evaluate the health of each plant,
recording his results.

What is the variable in Daniel's planned experiment?
a.
where the plants will be located
b.
the number that will be put on the pots
c.
how frequently the plants will be watered
d.
the initial size of the plants
 

 32. 

The carrying capacity for a population within an ecosystem describes the number of organisms that can be
supported by the resources available within that ecosystem over a period of time. Which event might increase the
carrying capacity for rabbits in a prairie ecosystem?
a.
a decrease in vegetation
b.
a season of extra rain
c.
a new predator species moving in
d.
a period of drought
 

 33. 

Which of these names the cellular process that begins with the breakdown of organic compounds (such as
glucose) and continues with turning the resulting pyruvic acid into a waste product and two molecules of ATP?
a.
photosynthesis
b.
cellular respiration
c.
fermentation
d.
chemosynthesis
 

 34. 

Bunsen burners are often used in science labs as a source of heat. Which of the following safety rules apply when
using Bunsen burners in the lab?
a.
Tie back long hair and roll up loose clothing.
b.
Never leave the bunsen burner unattended.
c.
Always point the opening away from yourself (and others) when heating a test tube.
d.
all of these
 

 35. 

Energy conversion within an animal cell would be severely limited by removal of the cell's
a.
Lysosomes.
b.
plastids
c.
mitochondria
d.
chloroplasts
 

 36. 

Which cell organelle stores water and other materials?
a.
Lysosome
b.
mitochondrion
c.
Golgi complex
d.
vacuole
 

 37. 

mc037-1.jpg

A herd of zebra eating grass includes groups of organisms from different species. These groups best exemplify
a.
a biome interaction
b.
a community interaction.
c.
an ecosystem interaction.
d.
a population interaction.
 

 38. 

mc038-1.jpg

Consider the following cross between two birds: GGLl (male) x Ggll (female)
What trait will most likely be observed in all offspring of the above set of parents?
a.
Yellow feathers
b.
Long beak
c.
Short beak
d.
Green feathers
 

 39. 

Which of the following can cause a genetic mutation in an organism's DNA?
a.
exposure to toxic chemicals
b.
insertion of a nucleotide during replication
c.
exposure to high energy radiation
d.
all of these
 

 40. 

Which of the following measurement tools is used to measure mass?
a.
graduated cylinder
b.
thermometer
c.
balance
d.
meter stick
 

 41. 

Many natural ecosystems have been destroyed by human activity. To better manage our remaining natural
ecosystems, we must first understand how the ecosystems are structured. One way to do this is to determine how the organisms in the ecosystem obtain the matter and energy they need to survive. The figure below shows a simplified food web. Use the figure to answer the following questions.
mc041-1.jpg

Based on the figure, how would the owls most likely respond if the mice all died out?
a.
The owls would start eating foxes.
b.
The owls would eat more green plants.
c.
The owls would starve.
d.
The owls would eat more squirrels and rabbits
 

 42. 

When a sea urchin egg is removed from the ocean and placed in freshwater, the egg swells and bursts. Which of
these causes water to enter the egg?

a.
active transport
b.
sodium pump
c.
osmosis
d.
coagulation
 

 43. 

What is the advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction in organisms?
a.
more variety of reproduction methods
b.
fewer parent organisms needed
c.
greater genetic diversity
d.
shorter reproduction time
 

 44. 

Examine the population growth curve shown below.
mc044-1.jpg
Which of the following most likely caused the sharp decline in population at point B?
a.
a shortage of food
b.
emigration of a competing species
c.
overpopulation
d.
disease
 

 45. 

Many natural ecosystems have been destroyed by human activity. To better manage our remaining natural
ecosystems, we must first understand how the ecosystems are structured. One way to do this is to determine how the organisms in the ecosystem obtain the matter and energy they need to survive. The figure below shows a simplified food web. Use the figure to answer the following questions.
mc045-1.jpg

Which of the following correctly shows one pathway for the flow of energy to an owl?
a.
green plants   ¨ mice   ¨ squirrels
b.
owls   ¨ green plants   ¨ mice
c.
green plants   ¨ squirrels  ¨ owls
d.
owls   ¨ squirrels   ¨ foxes
 

 46. 

mc046-1.jpg
The most light absorbed by this plant is
a.
blue and green
b.
violet and red
c.
green and yellow
d.
blue and red
 

 47. 


Plants-----> Aphids------> Spiders------> Sparrows
In this food chain, the spiders are
a.
competitors
b.
producers.
c.
secondary consumers.
d.
primary consumers.
 

 48. 

Which of the following is true about DNA and RNA?

I. DNA is a nucleic acid, whereas RNA is a protein.
II. DNA stores genetic information, whereas RNA is directly involved in protein production.
III. Both DNA and RNA always contain the nitrogenous base thymine.
IV. DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, whereas RNA contains the sugar ribose.

a.
I, II and IV only
b.
II and IV only
c.
I, II,III and IV only
d.
III only
 

 49. 

When a person inhales, oxygen fills tiny air sacs in the person's lungs. Next, the oxygen moves from these air
sacs into small blood vessels that line the lungs, and then it moves into the bloodstream so that it can be transported around the body.

Oxygen moves by random molecular motion from the air sacs of the lungs to the blood vessels because the
concentration of oxygen in the air sacs is higher than the concentration of oxygen in the blood vessels.
This movement of oxygen molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is known as _______.

a.
photosynthesis
b.
diffusion
c.
respiration
d.
osmosis
 

 50. 

mc050-1.jpg
A sunfish population was introduced into a lake 10 years ago. Since then, biologists have been monitoring this
population. The graph shows their data. What is the estimated carrying capacity for sunfish in this lake?
a.
30 sunfish
b.
40 sunfish
c.
60 sunfish
d.
50 sunfish
 

 51. 

In a certain breed of cats, having black hair is the result of two dominant alleles for hair color (HH). The
heterozygous genotype (Hh) produces a cat that has black and white spots. Having two recessive (hh) genes results in a white haired cat. The Punnett square below shows the results of a cross between which two cats?
mc051-1.jpg
a.
a spotted cat and a white cat
b.
a black cat and a spotted cat
c.
two black cats
d.
two spotted cats
 

 52. 

Many natural ecosystems have been destroyed by human activity. To better manage our remaining natural
ecosystems, we must first understand how the ecosystems are structured. One way to do this is to determine how the organisms in the ecosystem obtain the matter and energy they need to survive. The figure below shows a simplified food web. Use the figure to answer the following questions.
mc052-1.jpg

Based on the figure above, you would hypothesize that the green plants, unlike animals, can do which of the
following?
a.
release the energy stored in their food.
b.
get energy from the other organisms.
c.
avoid being eaten by other organisms.
d.
make their own food.
 

 53. 

Which of the following is primarily responsible for the coding of the amino acids used in the synthesis of cellular
proteins?
a.
transfer RNA
b.
ribosomes
c.
DNA
d.
Golgi apparatus
 

 54. 

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have included corn crops engineered to produce a natural pesticide to kill
a certain insect which would normally destroy the corn. The benefits include a larger corn crop, because the
destructive influence of the insects is lowered. What might be one negative result of growing this specific GMO?
a.
The geneticallymodified corn would require more water to produce enough pesticide to fend off the
insects.
b.
The natural pesticide could get into the soil and kill the next corn crop.
c.
All of the insects could disappear, allowing the corn crop to grow too large.
d.
The insects could grow resistant to the pesticide in the geneticallymodified
corn and become immune to regular pesticides.
 

 55. 

mc055-1.jpg

In the above plant cell, what is the name of the cellular organelle labeled with the letter X?
a.
chloroplast
b.
cell wall
c.
nucleous
d.
vacuole
 

 56. 

mc056-1.jpg

Which of the following is an abiotic factor shown in the picture above?
a.
cloud
b.
grass
c.
person
d.
tree
 

 57. 

Clown fish are small reef fish that seek protection from predators by sheltering themselves among the stinging
tentacles of sea anemones. Clown fish are very territorial and can potentially scare off predators of sea anemones.
This relationship is an example of
a.
commensalism.
b.
parasitism.
c.
mutualism
d.
neutralism.
 

 58. 

Starfish are marine animals that live in saltwater or ocean environments. Starfish are predators and often hunt for
shelled animals, such as oysters, clams, or mollusks.
Fisherman who also hunt for shelled animals find starfish to be a nuisance because they are competing for the same
prey. So, anytime a fisherman pulls a starfish up in his net, he often cuts it into several pieces before returning it to
the ocean. Unfortunately for the fishermen, however, this only causes the starfish population to increase.

Why?
a.
Starfish can reproduce asexually, and the fragments undergo meiosis.
b.
Starfish can reproduce sexually, and the fragments undergo binary fission.
c.
Starfish can reproduce sexually, and the fragments mate with each other.
d.
Starfish can reproduce asexually, and each fragment grows into a new starfish.
 

 59. 

In Central America there is a tree called bullhorn acacia (Acacia cornigera) that provides both food and shelter to
a certain species of ant (Pseudomyrmex ferruginea). The ants live within the tree without causing it harm. In fact, the ants protect the tree by vigorously attacking and stinging other animals that try to eat it.
This relationship is an example of _______.
a.
predation
b.
commensalism
c.
mutualism
d.
parasitism
 

 60. 

Robert Koch
In the nineteenth century Robert Koch scientifically investigated the transmission of diseases. He proposed a
procedure that would enable a person to determine if a specific microorganism caused a given disease. The first four steps of this procedure are listed below:
1. Microbes must be isolated from an infected host organism.
2. The isolated microbes are then grown in a pure culture.
3. The microbes from the pure culture are injected into a new host.
4. If the new host contracts the disease, the microbes must be isolated from the new host and grown in a new
culture.

What final step should be taken to prove that these specific microbes cause the given disease?
a.
Inject diseased organisms with the microbes from the new culture.
b.
Inject an organism immune to the disease with microbes from the new culture.
c.
Compare the original microbes with the microbes in the new culture.
d.
Mix the microbes from the new and old cultures.
 

 61. 

Which of these processes produces the most ATP?
a.
photosynthesis
b.
anaerobic respiration
c.
All of these produce the same amount of ATP.
d.
aerobic respiration
 

 62. 

mc062-1.jpg
According to the data, what are the best conditions for growing mold?
a.
warm temperature and high humidity
b.
cold temperature and high humidity
c.
warm temperature and low humidity
d.
cold temperature and low humidity
 

 63. 

mc063-1.jpg
Sandra examined some animal cells using a compound microscope. Under normal conditions, the cells have an
approximate salinity of 1 M NaCl and resemble the slide shown in picture 1.
If the cells are submerged in a 0.8 M NaCl solution, what will happen to the cells?
a.
Water will move into the cells until they swell and burst as in picture 4.
b.
Nothing will happen ; they will look the same as in picture 1.
c.
Water will move into the cells and they will swell as in picture 2.
d.
Water will move out of the cells and they will shrink as in picture 3.
 

 64. 

The processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration form a continuous cycle.
mc064-1.jpg
During this cycle, the products from one process serve as the starting materials for the other. Which of the following materials correspond(s) to box number 4?
a.
oxygen and glucose
b.
carbon dioxide and water
c.
ATP (energy) and heat
d.
sunlight
 

 65. 

James is homozygous dominant for curly hair (CC), and his wife is heterozygous (Cc). What is the probability that their first child will also be homozygous dominant for curly hair?
a.
25%
b.
75%
c.
0%
d.
50%
 



 
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